Technical Informartion
Paint is a chemical material that forms a decorative and protective layer (film) when applied on a surface. The structure of the paint is a chemical mixture obtained as a result of a physical mix of raw materials in accordance with certain principles. There are such raw materials as bonds, pigments, additive and filler materials, chemical agents and auxiliary materials, sedimentation preventing materials and solvent or water in the paint.
The properties of a high-quality paint can be listed as follows:
- Opacity (covering, getting the desired result with 2 coats of application)
- Ease of application (good results with brush, roll or trowel)
- Resistance to physical effects (rubbing, scratching, wiping, etc.)
- Resistance to chemical effects (soap, oil, detergent, etc.)
- Resistance to biological effects (mold, fungus, etc.)
- Resistance to atmospheric conditions and special conditions (cold, hot weather, rain, sun, etc.)
- Decorative qualities (color, gloss, flatness, etc.)
The paints thinned by using thinner are called “solvent based (synthetic) paints”. These are decorative paints with certain properties as well as having the feature of not letting the corrosive elements through, and produced with different bonds depending on usage environment. They release some odor during application and drying. They are flammable and sparkling. They are divided into classes according to various brightness levels. They are classified as flat, semi-flat (satin) and gloss.
The paints thinned by using water are called “water based paints”. Plastic paint, acrylic paint, silicone paint are types of water based paints. This distinction is done according to the bond that allows the paint stick to the surface. Paints are classified as flat semi-flat and silk flat. The brightness level of the silk flat is between satin and flat.
There are some differences between the water based paints and solvent based paints in terms of their properties and performances. While water-based paints have the feature of breathing, solvent-based paints do not. Water-based paints are much more resistant against the alkaline effect (with moisture) that occur on the wall. Wipe resistance of solvent-based paints is higher compared to the water based paints. However these kind of paints bear the risk of yellowing.
ISO 9000 Certificate is a warranty certificate indicating that the quality of the products and the service standards of a company are accurate and at least the same standards will be maintained continuously.
TSE (Turkish Standards Institute) Certificate is a warranty certificate indicating that the produced products comply with the quality standards determined by the Turkish Standards Institute and the products meet these standards at least.
1- First of all, attention should be paid to the production date.
2- The performance of the paint is determined by the coverage and opacity properties. The most important thing to consider while buying paint is the area covered by the paint. The larger the area covered by a single coat of paint is, the lower the amount of paint used will be.
3- The existence of an ISO certificate of the manufacturer’s firm and the existence of a TSE certificate on the product should be checked.
Roll and brush should be selected according to the properties of the paint. Synthetic brushes are used for water based paints, natural hair brushes are used for oil paints, long pile rolls can be used to create rough and decorative surfaces, and short pile rolls for smooth surfaces. Generally on large surfaces (walls), working with rolls is faster and easier. A brush is always needed to paint the intersections of the walls, and wooden structures such as doors and windows. Brushes of various sizes may be needed to paint the relevant area.
A quality brush is important for good results of the painting process. Attention should be paid that the hair tips are at the same level, soft and flexible. Before using a new brush, it shall be rinsed with detergent and water to eliminate the free hairs. During the application, the brush shall not be pressed too much but be allowed to slide with its own weight. After painting, the brush shall be cleaned with the solvent of the paint used and then washed with detergent water and dried. The brush can be wrapped with a paper to store for the next use.
In order to obtain the desired appearance with all paints, surface shall be prepared by cleaning and purifying from moisture, flatted and repaired if necessary for the paint to be applied.
On all surfaces, suitable primers should be used. Primers increases the adhesion of the paint to the surface, prevents using excess paint, maintains the property of the material to be applied on the primer, and ensures the integration of the paint with the surface.
Thinning shall be carried out with the materials indicated on the package and at the specified ratios. The paint shall be applied in thin layers. Use of same brand materials will increase the efficacy to be obtained.
It shall be kept out of the reach of children. Products shall not be drained into sewers, waterways, rivers, lakes or seas. In such a case, the authorities shall be notified.
Ventilating the environment is significant both during the preparation of the surface and the application of the paint. It is important to take care not to directly inhale the products, especially solvent-based (synthetic) paints and thinners. In addition, care should be taken that covers are tightly closed while storing the paints. In case of inhalation of the paints, the person shall be removed to open air, kept warm and allowed for resting.
Eye-contact with the products shall be avoided. In case of contact, the eyes shall be washed with plenty of water and medical advice shall be sought. Long-lasting and repeated contact with the skin shall be avoided. In case of long and repeated uses, nitrile, neoprene or latex rubber gloves shall be used. Skin shall never be cleaned with thinner. Instead, the skin shall be cleaned with a soapy cloth / a reliable cleaner written in the package and rinsed with plenty of water. Clothes contaminated with chemicals shall be removed.
Medical assistance shall be sought for all suspicious cases of health. Nothing shall be given orally to an unconscious person. If accidentally swallowed, medical advice shall be sought immediately and vomiting shall never be induced.
Un-thinned paints can be stored for a long time by preventing the paint from contacting the air through adding water for the water based paints and thinner for the thinner based paints to form 2-3 mm layer at the top. However, it is not possible to store the thinned paint. Thinned paints shall be used within maximum one week.
Products shall be kept out of reach of children. The environment shall be dry. Care shall be taken not to freeze the paint during storage and to avoid exposure to extreme temperatures. The optimum temperature for storage is between +5 and +35°C. During storage the cover of the bucket must be tightly closed and kept away from ignition sources.
Interior Paint Applications
For interior wall surfaces, the paint shall be selected according to its dissolver (water-based / solvent-based). Water-based paints and solvent-based paints (synthetic) differ in terms of their properties and performances.
If a breathable paint is desired, it shall be water-based. Water-based paints are much more resistant to alkaline that occur on the walls (with moisture). It is odorless during application and dries faster compared to the solvent based paints. Water based paints have lower resistance than solvent based paints. In terms of appearance, flat and silk flat types of water-based paints are available.
On the other hand, wipe resistance of solvent-based paints is higher. However, this type of paints bear the risk of yellowing. Solvent based paints are classified as flat, semi-gloss (satin) and gloss. The use of gloss solvent-based paints on the walls is not common as they over-reflect the light.
Usually, satin and plastic paints are preferred for wall paints, while solvent based paints are used for wooden structures, doors, windows and metals.
It is possible to calculate how much paint is needed depending on the area to be painted. The square to paint with 1 kg paint is written on the product. Practically the total floor space of a house is equal to the total ceiling square to paint. And the walls are approximately 2,5 times as much as the ceiling square. For example; the ceiling of a 90 m2 house is 90 m2 and the walls are 90 x 2,5 =225 m2.
Following the right path while painting the interior will not only save time but also money. A room should be painted by starting from the top and continuing downwards. The room must be painted in the following order:
- Ceilings
- Walls
- Doors
- Windows
- Radiators
Preparing the surface is highly important for the application to be good. For an easy and durable painting, the surface of application must be thoroughly cleaned and repaired if necessary. Moisture or water leaks should be checked if any, water leaks shall be taken under control at the source.
Former paint and paper residues on the surface shall be removed, the surface shall be rubbed and be freed from dust, dirt, oil, mold, soap, wax and water soluble materials. Care must be taken to avoid from dust that may occur during cleaning operations.
It is important to ensure that the plaster is smooth and firm. Minor cracks and holes shall be filled with Kardelen Acrylic Putty or gypsum. The material to be used for repairs shall not be tile adhesive. Gypsum, acrylic putty, plaster mortar shall be preferred.
Dirt and stains shall be painted with Kardelen Soot and Stain Covering Primer. Afterwards primer should be applied to the entire surface. Once the primer is dry, paint application can be started.
It is recommended to apply the paint to one square meter area at least in order to facilitate the decision about the color for the area to be painted. The light of the place shall also be taken into account when deciding for the color. Some colors look completely different under natural light and electric light. For this reason, it will be useful to make an evaluation according to the time of the day and the conditions when the place will be occupied. Placing the items around the painted area will allow to observe the harmony of the selected color with the furniture to be used.
The ratios specified on packages and the technical bulletins must be followed. Each paint has a different characteristic so the thinning ratio of each paint also differs. Thinning ratio also differs according to the properties of the application instrument to be used. All information about thinning are written on products.
Contrary to the general view, the paint with a high water absorption capacity is not a “quality paint”. An example for this may be the silicone silk flat paints. These are graded as “quality paints” and they are thinned with less water compared to the plastic paints. For this reason, the technical specifications of the paint must be taken into account instead of habits.
The paint must be mixed before and during the application.
One shall start from the edge of the ceiling with a brush and progress in strips along the wall.
Painting the edges with a roll may cause traces and burrs. For this reason, 5-10 cm inside from the edge should be painted with a brush. Attaching an extension handle to the roll will facilitate the work and save time in ceiling painting. Water-based paints get their ability to cover when they dry. For this reason, it is absolutely necessary to wait between the coats to dry.
The joints and edges of the walls must be painted with a finger roll or a suitable brush, and then the work shall continue with the larger surfaces with a large roll. If a lining tool is used at the edges, the resulting traces can be eliminated by gently passing over with a large roll. The appearance will be good if the applications is in the same direction. At least two coats shall be applied to obtain a better appearance. Applying a single coat of thick paint will reduce the performance of the paint.
Exterior Paint Applications
Paint and coatings can be used for the exterior surfaces. While the paints leave a thin and rough texture, the coatings create a grainy texture. Paints and coatings used for the exterior surface are two types being acrylic and silicone.
The most important point in the exterior paint application is to remove the defects on the surface. The most common problem is the cracks on the walls. Deep cracks must be opened and repaired by putting a net inside.
The paint is generally resistant against the external water and moisture while not resistant against the water and moisture stemming from inside. For this reason, all the pipes must be checked for rust and leaks. If there is any failure, it shall be repaired. More attention shall be given to the roofs. Proper moisture and water insulation on the roof will also improve the performance of the paint on the walls. Particularly, balcony and terrace outlets shall be properly checked. In addition, there shall be droppers under the window sills. There shall be a drainage area around the building and water and moisture insulation shall be done until the water pressure level. On horizontal surfaces where water is likely to accumulate, water insulation shall be done.
The surfaces newly applied plaster shall be allowed to dry for at least 15 days before painting. If it is desired that the paint lasts longer, care must be taken that the surface is free from dust, dirt and oil before application. If there is fungus or mold on the surface, it shall be cleaned thoroughly by brushing and then washed with clean water. Surfaces which are shiny due to the previous coating shall be rubbed to make flat. This will provide better adhesion between the surface and the paint. Concrete surfaces shall be leveled, cleaned by washing, and left for drying. Before painting, make sure that there is no chalking on the surface.
No paint shall be applied under rain. If such a situation is encountered, it shall be waited for the surface to dry for 2-3 days under the sun and then paint shall be applied.
Primer application on the exterior is highly important. For new plastered surfaces, a single coat of Kardelen Silicone or Acrylic exterior primer shall be used. The purpose here is to create a strong interim layer between the plaster and the paint, not whitening the wall.
Using Kardelen Transparent Insulated Primer on the surfaces with an old paint will be more suitable in order not to create excess film thickness. Loose particles such as dust, fog, and exhaust fumes on the surfaces with old paint will be adhered to the wall with the Insulated Primer and a film is formed between those and the paint. The application of finish shall be started at least 8 hours after the primer application.
The finish shall be applied as at least two coats. A break of 4 hours is required between layers. It is advisable to apply a third layer for horizontal surfaces. Especially in outdoor applications, the temperature shall be between +5 ºC and 30 ºC, without precipitation and wind. For indoor areas, the environmental conditions may cause late or premature drying of the paint.
The most appropriate period for exterior painting is September and October. During this period, the weather is suitable for painting and precipitation is also little. It is not recommended to paint under direct sunlight. Because the paint should be left wet for a while after application to ensure proper handling and adhesion. Direct sunlight temperature causes the outermost layer of the paint to dry out before it matures. This results peeling and blistering of the paint.
Texture paint (Grainy Paint) application requires professional workmanship and attention. Filled exterior primers under textured paints are not recommended as the film thickness formed by the texture paint is high. The filled primer will increase the film thickness which is already high. It is more suitable to apply Kardelen Transparent Insulated Primer on the newly and previously plastered surfaces.
It is advisable to decide on the thickness of the paint before applying the texture paint by painting one square meter samples of different thicknesses on the surface. When these samples are made, the ratio of water added to the paint shall be noted and thinning shall be done in the same way according to the preferred thickness. Thinning the paint at different ratios will cause pattern differences.
The texture paint shall never be applied in hot weather. In hot weather, drying will be faster and the joints will be visible. The application shall be continued in the same direction as the starting point. Application shall not be in different directions. The diameters of the coral roll to be used must be the same for all rolls. The texture paint shall be applied in the chapter section, and if possible, the joint spaces shall be left at intervals of five meters. Especially in large and architecturally stationary surfaces, applying a tape with a height of three meters will prevent the formation of bad patterns.
Fading
The problem that most frequently occurs in exterior paint is fading. Kardelen exterior paints are produced from non-fading pigments and our company provides a non-fading warranty for 5 years. However, fading is not completely related to the paint. The application of primer, the condition of the floor, the air temperature, the number of painting coats, the alkali state of the wall and the thinning ratios can change the result of painting. Kardelen exterior paints and coatings never fade when the procedures and conditions written in the technical manual are strictly followed.
Algae
The reason for algae is the excessive humid in the environment. It is frequently encountered on the outdoor surfaces. In general, this problem is more common on reinforced concrete surfaces and in elevated buildings. In order to prevent algae, the source of the humidity must be identified carefully and blocked by drainage or insulation. Insulation must be done at the foundation of the buildings by flooding method. If the water level is high on the ground where the building is situated, water penetrating from the basement can progress to the first or second or even the third floors. In order to prevent this situation, water shall be removed from the building through internal drainage or external drainage.
Algae grounds shall be cleaned with brush. The surface shall then be washed with water and allowed to dry. If there is swollen paint, it shall be removed with a spatula. Care must be taken to avoid from dust that may be generated during cleaning operations. After the surface becomes suitable, painting can be carried out.
Shrinkage, Swelling, Cracking and Chapping
Shrinkage, swelling, cracking and chapping are caused by excessive application of paint to the surface.
According to the seasonal temperature changes, the paint layer expands and shrinks. This is not a problem when the paint is applied in a thin layer. However, if the paint is applied thick, there is a sticking problem between the layers and the paint does not react to the temperature changes in the same manner and this causes the formation of cracks.
Additionally, when strong additive containing paints are applied on a previously painted surface, the strong additives in the new color react with the underlying paint, causing a deformation and swelling. Such swollen and cracked surfaces should be completely scrapped. Care must be taken to avoid from dust that may form during cleaning operations.
Peeling and Burning
Possible causes of peeling and burning are the moisture, painting the surface without a preliminary preparation and applying the paint at lower temperatures than required.
In order to prevent this problem, paint should not be applied on the primer and concrete surfaces which have not set yet.
If humid areas are to be painted, it is necessary to hinder the source of humidity. Then the existing paint must be removed and the surface must be completely dry before the new paint is applied.
The pH value of the fresh cement is 13-14. Within 28 days, this value drops to 9. pH 9 is less alkali than pH 13. The paint provides better results when applied to less alkali surfaces. When a humid substance is again applied to the concrete surfaces, the pH value – and thus the alkalinity – rises again, which causes the formation of salt crystals, swelling and peeling of the paint.
Some plasters may contain lime in varying quantities. The amount of lime varies depending on the area where the plaster is used. Since lime is a kind of acid, it reacts with the raw materials in the paint. This usually causes burning problems. For this reason, when plaster is applied, the lime shall be mixed at standard ratios and priming shall be carefully done.
Moisture, Mold and Peeling in Northern Facades
The northern facades wear out quickly due to the difficult climate conditions they are exposed to. The high temperature differences between the inner and outer walls cause mold formation on the inner surface of the wall due to condensation. As a solution to this problem, it is advisable to apply jacketing, with heat insulation plates from outside, if possible, if it is not possible it can be applied from the inside (EPS-XPS-ROCKWOOL). Antibacterial paint shall be used in such areas.
Solvent Based (Synthetic) Paint Applications
Application of solvent based (synthetic) paints is more difficult than water based paints. These are generally used for painting wooden doors and metals.
In the direction of importance given to the environment and human health, Kardelen produces LEAD-FREE paints. Lead is a toxic metal commonly found in nature and lead toxication is a problem that is increasingly threatening the public health all over the world. Lead does not disappear in the environment in time, but on the contrary, it accumulates in dust and earth.
Surfaces to be painted shall not be greasy, dirty and damp. Environment shall be thoroughly ventilated, there shall be enough oxygen in the environment, air temperature and humidity shall be in appropriate conditions.
Foreign materials (oil, grease, etc.) on metal surfaces shall be cleaned thoroughly with appropriate chemicals (detergent, caustic, organic solvent, etc.). Other pollutants shall be washed with high pressure fresh water and dried.
Solvent based paints do not adhere well to galvanized metal surfaces. For this reason, although the result is highly good at the beginning, they deteriorate later. The reason for this is that galvanized metal is not only flat but also coated with a thin or thick layer of oil to prevent rust. The protective oil layer on the galvanized metal must be completely removed to prevent paint deterioration. Chemical mixture containing water can be used for this process.
The rust on the exposed metal or metal with white rust shall be cleaned with a brush before painting. Rusty areas shall absolutely be cleaned before applying on formerly painted surfaces.
Synthetic thinner is used as thinner in solvent based paints. Solvents such as naphtha, kerosene, cellulosic thinner shall not be used. This type of solvent breaks down the bod structure of the paint and causes many problems such as late drying. The paint to be applied must be thinned at the ratios written on packages. If the paint to be used is not thinned at the specified ratios, such problems as flow, less opacity, and orange peel surface may occur.
The weather conditions are highly important for solvent based paint application. In cold weather, drying of the paint is delayed, which causes the paint to wrinkle and not adhere to the surface completely. Hot surface or painting on a hot day will also cause similar wrinkles. It shall not be applied under direct sunlight and windy weather.
The full drying period is 24 hours for solvent based paints. During this time, the dust on the environment will adhere to the paint, so there shall be no dust on the surface to be painted. Exposure of wet paint to rain and humidity, application of the last coat of paint on the undried layer and application on dirty, dusty surfaces will also cause wrinkles and creases on the paint.
Metal surfaces react with oxygen in the air and cause corrosion after a certain period of time as a result of oxidation-reduction reaction. This reaction, known as rusting, breaks down the paint film over time. For this reason, it is absolutely necessary to apply anticorrosive paint to the metal surfaces to prevent contact with oxygen. Application of primer shall be done within 6 hours after cleaning. The longer the time between cleaning and painting, the more the surface is oxidized and the rusting starts again.
If the paint to be used is not mixed well, excessively thinned, a highly thin film layer is applied and wrong painting techniques are used, the finish will not cover the underlying one. The correct application is applying the anti-rust paint first, then applying 2 coats of finish. It is absolutely necessary to wait at least 6 hours between the coats.
Solvent based paints smell during application and drying. For this reason, a mask shall be used while painting and the environment shall be ventilated for a few days.
Painting Wooden Surfaces
Wood is the oldest and the most common building material that people have used to build since ancient times. The most widespread and advanced technologies on wooden structures until the last century have been used in Japan and the Ottoman Empire, especially in Anatolia, however their use in our country has decreased in the last century.
The wood is lightweight, endurable against earthquakes, long lasting compared to concrete and steel. Its maintenance is easier than concrete and steel, and it is the most suitable building material for human metabolism, its construction is easy. It can be built quickly. The reason for considering the wood as the material of the next century is that it is not only bearing superior properties but also it is the greatest weapon of humans against global warming and greenhouse effect. The heat insulation feature of wood is 400 times more than steel and 1800 times more than aluminum. For all these reasons, we shall choose wood for our buildings and protect them.
It shall be avoided to expose raw wood to sunlight and leaving it directly in open air as much as possible. The sun leads to the blackening and deterioration of unprotected wood. Painting the wooden structures once the construction work is over, will ensure to get better results in terms of both the life span and the appearance of the wooden structures.
If there is moisture in the environment, paint shall be applied after eliminating the moisture. If humid is absorbed by the wood before painting, the varnished surface will swell. In such cases, the darkened wood can be rubbed. Care shall be taken to avoid dust if rubbing is carried out. It is recommended to varnish the wood every two years to ensure a long usage life.
Particularly on hard streaked wood surfaces, paint cannot penetrate to the wood and cause swelling of the paint. If the wood is too hard streaked, changing is the best solution. On the other hand, a thin layer of paint, which has been thinned more than needed, or highly fast drying of the topcoat in cool and windy weather conditions, results also swelling. For this reason, the paint shall be applied as described on the package.
There are many factors that damage the wooden structures. These are tree worms, fungus and the sun. The protection of wood against these factors is possible with wood preservatives which contain poison effective against fungus and tree worms but harmless to the human health. These products will preserve the woods with the poison included while preventing the wood from absorbing water with the binder it contains.
The surface must be painted first with Kardelen Cellulosic Filler Varnish in order to protect the wood, to prevent the formation of bed bugs and to saturate the wood. After drying, the varnish must be rubbed with a fine sandpaper. Then, the desired color can be painted with Kardelen Varnish Wood Preserver. Due to the special additives found in the structure of the product, the wood preservative prevents the formation of bed bug and extends the life of the wood. If a brighter image is desired, the surface shall be varnished with Kardelen Yacht Varnish.
The linseed oil is harmful for wooden surfaces and has a shortening effect on the life of the wood. The linseed oil saturates the wood while causing humidity for the wood. Humid surfaces are the media that accelerate the reproduction of microorganisms. The humidity of the wood surface also accelerates the formation of bed bugs. For this reason, linseed oil application shall be avoided.
Industrial Paint Applications
Industrial paint is used as a finish in industrial, factory equipment, agricultural machines and in all types of indoor and outdoor metal, wood, iron constructions. Surface preparation is highly important when applying industrial paint. The presence of foreign materials such as rust, oil, swollen residue and chemicals on the surface prevents achieving the targeted performance with the paint.
As a thinner, Kardelen Cellulose Thinner is used. Other types of thinners directly affect the structure of the material and the result. Many economical thinners available in market disrupt the color and cause the product to become dull. On the other hand, it is also wrong to use the finishing coat as lining by thinning it more than the recommended thinning ratio. When the paint is excessively thinned, the paint properties are lost in the thinned grades, and the finish will not give the desired result because it does not carry the properties of the lining.
Kardelen Industrial Primer is applied after the surface is correctly prepared. The purpose of applying the primer is to obtain maximum efficiency of the finish, which will be applied afterwards. Priming is the preliminary preparation for the finish. Primer plays a major role in adhesion and durability enhancement of the finish with a special film layer formed on the raw metal surfaces (expansion of the surface in micron order).
Application is usually done with roll, brush and air gun, yet air gun is more preferred. In applications with air guns, industrial paint shall be applied with guns with nozzle tips of 1.9-2.5. The tip clearance can be increased if the surface width increases. It is the best method to apply from 40-80 cm distance to the surface. Application with gun on the surfaces where there is no wind will increase the paint efficiency. Wait at least 10 minutes for the second coat paint. The industrial paints have an air dry system like oil paint. The drying time of these paints is 1 hour and the ossification time is 14 hours.
Epoxy paint technology is a two-component system that does not depend on the air, it reacts with the hardening resin mixed at the specified ratios, and dries and ossifies. On the applied surfaces, it solidifies as a result of reaction. Thus, the surface is more resistant to external influences, bringing a more resistant material against alkalis and other solvent chemicals.
The surface must be free from dirt such as dust, rust, and oil before application. Loose swollen paints on painted surfaces shall be cleaned and level deformities shall be filled with epoxy putty. All free dust on the surface shall be cleaned.
Kardelen Epoxy System is used at a ratio of 4/16 (4 units of hardener-16 units of paint). After mixing at the specified ratios, it is necessary to wait 30 minutes before application for the pre-reaction. Application must be made in accordance with the instructions on the package.
It shall be consumed within 2 hours after mixing the paint with the hardener resin and preparing it for application. Otherwise, the material will become hard in the container and it will become unusable. During this time the material shall be mixed with the intervals to prevent the formation of particles.
While polyurethane paints are known by one name, they are actually used in two different systems. While one group is applied on the ground surface, the other group is applied on metal surfaces. Kardelen Polyurethane Paint is a material used for applying professional paints on metal surfaces. It is used in industrial facilities, on all steel construction surfaces, in refineries, petrochemical plants, steel houses, and sugar-fertilizer and cement factories.
The most important feature distinguishing Kardelen Polyurethane Paint Group from other industrial paints is that it is made of special alkyd resin with high resistance values against UV rays. It is recommended for outdoor metal surfaces such as skylines, work machines, construction cranes.
The surfaces to be applied must be free from all kinds of mechanical and chemical pollution. 16 kg of polyurethane finish is prepared by adding 3 kg of polyurethane hardener. As a thinner, special polyurethane thinner is used because of special alkyd structure. Applying on the primer increases the yield. Application is done with a conventional gun.
First, if the plaster is new, it shall be left to dry and ossify for at least three to four weeks. Then the surface of the plaster must be prepared. This must be done by applying a transparent packing tape to the surface first. If the surface of the tape contains dense sand particles or cement slurry, it means that the plaster surface has a loose texture. In such a case, the weak texture shall be removed from the surface by first brushing the plaster with a dry brush. If paint application is performed without this process, the moving plaster particles will separate from the surface due to friction or impact. In this case, in addition to the formation of an undesirable image, the paint will not form an adequate layer, resulting in different shades of color or separation from the surface.
After the surface cleaning, Kardelen Transparent Insulated Primer shall be thinned in 1/7 ratio and applied as a single layer for interior facades. Then desired Kardelen water based paint can be applied in two coat. Exterior facades shall be lined with Kardelen Exterior Primer. Then, Kardelen exterior paint can be applied as two coats depending on preference.
More flat paints shall be preferred on rough plastered surfaces. Silk flat or semi-flat paints are brighter than flat paint, so they will show more roughness and other defects.
As with plaster, new concrete surfaces shall be left to dry for at least 3-4 weeks before painting.
As it is known, gross concrete molds are lubricated for easier separation from concrete. Water shall be poured over the surface to see whether lubrication remains on the gross concrete. If water droplets remain on the surface, there is lubrication on the mold. Mold lubrication shall be cleaned with warm soapy water and rinsed to remove the lubrication layer from the surface.
After the surface is completely dry, for interior facades, Kardelen Transparent Insulated Primer shall be thinned by 1/7 or Kardelen filled Interior Primer shall be thinned by 25% and applied as a single layer. The desired water-based paint can be applied in two coats. Exterior facades shall be primed with Kardelen Exterior Primer. Afterwards, one of the preferred Kardelen exterior paint can be applied as two coats.
Lime is a material we definitely do not recommend using. Despite this, it is still a common practice in our country to apply lime as a primer before the paint. For this reason, if there is a lime surface, Kardelen Transparent Insulated Primer shall be thinned by 1/7 for interior facades or Kardelen Filled Interior Primer shall be applied as a single coat by thinning at 25% ratio. Then the preferred Kardelen water-based paint can be applied in two coats. Exterior facades shall be primed with Kardelen Exterior Primer. Afterwards, one of the preferred Kardelen exterior paint can be applied as two coats.
Applying a single coat of plastic paint on the repairs done on the floor makes the repair not visible. Especially on repairs made with tile adhesives, it is absolutely necessary to paint with several coats. The areas previously flooded and yellowed or areas with soot shall be painted with one coat of Kardelen Soot and Stain covering primer. If the surface is previously painted with water-based satin or silk flat silicone paint, it may be useful to sand the surface with a fine sandpaper to make the new paint more durable and longer lasting.
After finishing the sub-surface preparations, for interior walls, Kardelen Transparent Insulated Primer shall be thinned by 1/7 or Kardelen Filled Interior Primer shall be thinned at 25% and applied as a single coat. Then the preferred Kardelen water-based paint can be applied in two coats. Exterior facades shall be primed with Kardelen Exterior Primer or Kardelen Transparent Insulated Primer. Afterwards, one of the preferred Kardelen exterior paint can be applied as two coats.
Since the satin plaster is a dusty and absorbent material, the surface must be applied with the appropriate primer prior to application of paint and putty. Kardelen Satin Plaster Primer shall be applied as a single coat by thinning in the proportions stated on the package. Then, the preferred Kardelen water-based paint can then be applied in two coats. If solvent based (synthetic) paint is to be used, one coat of Kardelen Synthetic Primer shall be applied after satin plaster primer. After this, two coats of Kardelen Semi-Gloss Synthetic Paint shall be applied waiting 24 hours between the coats.
The iron surfaces react with the oxygen in the air and in time they corrode and rust. In order to prevent this situation, anti-rust coatings shall be applied to the iron surfaces before painting. Afterwards, the desired Kardelen solvent-based paint can be applied by waiting 24 hours between the coats. When applying paint on previously painted iron materials, firstly the rusted parts shall be sanded and painted with anti-rust paint. Solvent based paint application shall be done after 24 hours.
In order to eliminate stains such as pen, soot, oil, nicotine, fire scars, an ordinary painting system cannot provide sufficient performance. After a certain period of time all such stains will re-appear. For this reason, a product that can block these stains and prevent the stains from re-appearing shall be applied. Kardelen Soot and Stain Covering Primer is specially formulated for these types of surfaces. This problem can be solved by a single coat application on stained surfaces. Then the preferred paint can be applied on it.